ISSN: 2148-8274 / E-ISSN: 2587-0084
, Türk Üreme Tıbbı ve Cerrahisi
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Turkish Journal of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery

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ORİJİNAL ARAŞTIRMALAR

Gestasyonel Diyabet ve İlişkili Faktörler: Retrospektif Çalışma
Gestational Diabetes and Related Factors: A Retrospective Study
Received Date : 10 Dec 2020
Accepted Date : 03 Jan 2021
Available Online : 03 Feb 2021
Doi: 10.24074/tjrms.2020-80531 - Makale Dili: TR
TJRMS. 2020;4(2):43-6
ÖZET
Amaç: Sağlıklı kadınlarda, yaş ve vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ)’nin gestasyonel diyabet ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya, Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum polikliniğine 1 Temmuz 2018 – 1 Temmuz 2020 tarihleri arasında başvuran ve OGTT testi yapılmış olan 260 gebe dahil edilmiştir. En az 8 en cok 14 saatlik gece açlığından sonra hastalara 75 gr OGTT uygulanmıştır. Açlık kan şekeri >92mg/dl, 1.saat >180mg/dl ve 2.saat değeri >153mg/dl üzerinde olan hastalar gestasyonel diyabet olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 260 hastanın 35’inde (%13.5) 75 gr OGTT sonucuna göre gestasyonel diyabet test tespit edilmiştir. Gestasyonel diyabet saptanan 35 hastanın yaş dağılımı inceledeğinde; hastaların %34.1’i 35 yaş üzeri, %16’sı 25-35 yaş arasında ve %3.5’i 25 yaş altı olarak bulunmuştur. Yaş dağılımındaki bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak değerlendirilmiştir (p<0.001). Hastalar vücut kitle indeksine göre incelediğinde, tüm gebelerde ≥25 üzeri VKİ olan toplam 86 (%33.1) hasta bulunmuştur. Vücut kitle indeksi 25 ve üzeri olan 86 hastanın da 35’i gestasyonel diyabet tanısı almıştır. Vücut kitle indeksi 25’in altında olan 174 hastadan gestasyonel diyabet tanısı konulan olmamıştır. Vücut kitle indeksi yüksek olan kadınlarda görülen artmış gestasyonel diyabet sıklığı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.001). Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda ileri maternal yaş ve yüksek VKİ’nin, artmış GDM prevelansı ile ilişkili olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Artmış VKİ’li gebe kadınlarda, beslenme ve yaşam tarzı değişikliği ile GDM’nin oluşturabileceği komplikasyonlar azaltılabilir.
ABSTRACT
Objective: It is aimed to examine the relationship of age and body mass index (BMI) with gestational diabetes in healthy women. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 260 pregnant women who were admitted to the department of obstetrics and gynecology of Near East University Hospital for OGTT test between July 1,2018 and July 1, 2020. After a minumum of 8 and maximum of 14 hours fasting, 75 gr OGTT was administered to the patients. Patients with fasting blood glucose >92mg/dl, 1st hour>180mg/dl and 2nd hour>153mg/dl were accepted as gestational diabetes. Results: Gestational diabetes was tested according to the result of 75 g OGTT in 35 (13.5%) of 260 patients included in the study. When the age distribution of 35 patients with gestational diabetes was examined; 34.1% of the patients were above 35 years old, 16% were between 25-35 years old and 3.5% were under 25 years old. This difference in age distribution was considered to be statistically significant (p <0.001). When the patients were examined according to their body mass index, a total of 86 (40%) patients with a BMI of ≥25 and above were found in all pregnant women. 35 of 86 patients with a body mass index of 25 and above were diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Of 174 patients with a body mass index below 25, no gestational diabetes was diagnosed. The increased frequency of gestational diabetes seen in women with high body mass index was found to be statistically significant (p <0.001). Conclusion: According to our study results, we can say that advanced maternal age and high BMI are associated with increased prevalence of gestational diabetes. Complications of gestational diabetes can be reduced in pregnant women with high BMI by nutrition and lifestyle changes.
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